Human Stem Cell Treatment Can Treat MS-like Condition in Mice

Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a long-term disease which can affect the central nervous system of the body. The central nervous system is composed of the brain, the optic nerves and the spinal cord. In the more advanced stages of multiple sclerosis, the patient may be blind or have paralysis. Milder forms of multiple sclerosis may give rise to symptoms such as mildness of the limbs.

Multiple sclerosis is caused by the attack of a person's immune system to his or her own central nervous system. The central nervous system is composed of nerves that are surrounded by myelin. Myelin serves to protect these nerve fibers and helps conduct impulses from the brain to the nervous system and vice versa. In a person with multiple sclerosis, the myelin sheath is interrupted by scars or sclerosis. There are multiple scars along the length of the nerve fibers which are also termed as plaques or lesions. Lesions can get worse when the nerve fiber succumbs to damage and breakage.

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When the myelin of the nerve fibers disappear in multiple areas due to sclerosis, there is no smooth flow of electrical impulses from the brain to the other parts of the body and vice versa. As a result your brain cannot tell your body what it wants you to do.

Multiple sclerosis can affect people of all ages yet it is more common among those who are aged 20 to 50 years old. More women tend to develop multiple sclerosis more than men. Thos e with European lineage may have a higher risk of acquiring multiple sclerosis more than other people. Multiple sclerosis is an inherited disorder; it can be passed through family generations.

The actual causes of multiple sclerosis are unknown however experts say that this condition may be due to the attack of the person's immune system against his or her own myelin. This could be due to genetic and environmental factors. We can inherit this propensity to fight our own cells from our parents and ancestors. Multiple sclerosis also varies between geographical and population groups. It is more common in northern Europe and northern USA, because these places are less exposed to sunlight. Some experts even think that long-term Vitamin D levels may play a role in multiple sclerosis risk. Other risk factors include exposure to a toxic substance such as heavy metals, infections such as Epstein-Barr (mononucleosis) and varicella zoster, and too much salt intake.

Multiple sclerosis may give rise to symptoms such as bladder problems, bowel problems, cognitive functioning, depression, emotional changes, fatigue, dizziness, vertigo, numbness, weakness, sexual dysfunction, muscle spasms, tremors, vision problems, gait problems and others.

Human Stem Cell Treatment for MS

A recent study have shown that mice affected by a multiple sclerosis (MS) — like condition who are treated with human stem cells can walk after less than two weeks after treatment. This study is published in the May 15 issue of the journal Stem Cell Reports. This study found out that human stem cells reversed symptoms of MS such as difficulty in walking, fatigue, impaired vision and pain. The researchers think that human stem cells have blunted the immune attacks and have repaired the damaged myelin, leading to the recovery of symptoms. This is indeed a remarkable discovery in the field of neurology.

You can learn more about multiple sclerosis by reading our other articles on this site.

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