Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Symptoms Diagnosis And Treatment

zollinger ellison

Zollinger Ellison syndrome (ZES) is a tumor of the endocrine pancreas that secretes gastrin and determines multiple ulcers that do not respond to treatment. SEZ is quite rare, statistics show that the incidence of this disease would be around 3/1000 000 inhabitants but it must be said that the disease may be undiagnosed in many cases. This endocrine tumor is found most ...

Thyroid Cancer – Risk Factors And Symptoms

Thyroid Examination

Thyroid cancer represents a malignant disease in which the cells that form the thyroid gland start to grow abnormal and uncontrollably and form a mass of malignant cells on thyroid gland called tumor. Thyroid gland in an endocrine organ located anteriorly at the base of the throat. The gland usually has a H or a U shape and is formed by ...

Addison’s Disease – Causes And Symptoms

Skin Changes

Addison's disease is a condition characterized by adrenocortical insufficiency due to the destruction or dysfunction of the entire cortex of adrenal glands, affecting both mineralcorticoid and glucocorticoid synthesis and function. Usually, Addison's disease onset occurs when 90% or more of both adrenal glands are destroyed or dysfunctional. In 1855, Thomas Addison first described the main symptoms of adrenocortical insufficiency: asthenia, adynamia hyperpigmantation, arterial ...

Pituitary Dwarfism Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis And Treatment

Pituitary Dwarfism 3

Pituitary dwarfism or dwarfism is a condition characterized by growth and development disorders caused by insufficient secretion of pituitary  somatotrope hormone (growth hormone or GH). The condition begins in childhood, but becomes more evident during puberty. Dwarfism is a condition in which growth is very slowed or delayed. Pituitary dwarfism is a consequence of decreased function of the pituitary gland occurred early in ...

Thyroid Nodules Treatment

Thyroid Nodules Treatment

Thyroid nodules treatment depends on the negative effects of these nodules. If the thyroid nodule is benign and does not cause any heath problems, it will be closely monitored without using any treatment . If symptoms are present drugs or surgery may be necessary. Antithyroid drugs and radioactive iodine can treat nodules that cause hyperthyroidism. Surgery is required only if the thyroid node is so great that it interferes ...

Thyroid Nodules Causes, Symptoms And Risk Factors

Thyroid Nodules

Thyroid nodules are abnormal growths or lumps that occur in the thyroid gland. Most thyroid nodules are not cancerous (are benign) and usually do not create problems. Many do not require treatment. Only about 5% of nodules are cancerous. They must be excised after a surgrical procedure. In rarely cases thyroid nodules can cause thyroid problems. When a node is producing too much thyroid hormone ...

Thyroid Nodules – Tests And Diagnosis

Thyroid Nodules

Thyroid nodules are common. 4-7% of adults have such palpable formations and 50-70% of adults discover thyroid nodules after a ultrasound examination of the thyroid. The risk for a thyroid nodule to be malignant is between 20-40%. Patients who presented a thyroid nodule that has grown over several months, those who presented pain in the thyroid nodule with an acute onset ...

Diabetes Insipidus Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Complications, Treatment And Prognosis

Diabetes Insipidus

Diabetes insipidus is a condition that manifests itself by increasing sensation of urination, fluid consumption and extreme thirst. Because urine does not have time to accumulate, to concetrate and get yellow, urine color is pale in diabetes insipidus, colorless and with a low concentration. The disease may occur acutely, eg, after head trauma or surgical procedures near the pituitary region, or may be chronic and ...

Hyperthyroidism Symptoms, Diagnosis And Treatment

Hyperthydoidism

Hyperthyroidism (the overactivity of the thyroid gland) occurs when the thyroid gland produces and releases too much thyroxine. Excess thyroxine accelerates the body's metabolism. Women tend to be more likely to be affected by hyperthyroidism than men. Although it can occur at any age, hyperthyroidism is more common in young adults and middle aged patients. There are several conditions that ...

Secondary Amenorrhea Causes Diagnosis And Treatment

Secondary Dismenorrhea

Secondary Amenorrhea Causes And Diagnosis Temporary cessation of menses is extremely common and usually does not require extensive endocrine investigation. In the childbearing age, pregnancy must be ruled out. In women beyond the childbearing age, menopause should be considered first. States of emotional stress, malnutrition, anemia, and similar disorders may be associated with temporary amenorrhea and correction of the primary disorder ...

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